Validation of an instrument to evaluate self-care of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple studies have evaluated the self-care of patients with diabetes mellitus, however, there is not enough literature where data collection instruments validated by expert judgment appear. Objective: Develop and validate the content of an instrument to evaluate self-care. -Care and quantify how the level of physical activity and diet influence the health of users. As well as, to analyze the emotional state of the adult patient with type 2 diabetes, identifying the risks that intervene in her behavior for better self-care. a social, labor and personal, segmented into 26 questions that analyze aspects of these people Methodology: A prospective, quantitative, cross-sectional, analytical-descriptive investigation was carried out. Using a pilot test with 16 patients as a probabilistic population. The instrument used was validated by expert judgment, it contains aspects of three corresponding categories. Results: the rating given by the experts obtained 97.6 reliability points, it is valued as Very reliable when it is located above 90% on the scale used. As a result of the expert judgment, when averaging the answers, 97.6 points of "Reliability" were reached, therefore, it is considered a "Very Reliable" instrument. That is, this result is located in the range between 100 and 80 points. Regarding the result of the internal consistency test through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, it was 0.77, it was proposed to eliminate an item from the first version and the reliability of the scale was raised to 0.80. In addition, the average time to complete the survey did not exceed 10 minutes, reaching an average of 8 min 45 seconds during the application, this leads to a logic of reproducibility and acceptable rhythm in the succession of the topics, proving not to be complex. for the patients. Conclusion: An instrument validated by expert judgment was prepared, which reached 97.6 points of "Reliability. The quantitative study carried out showed that the level of physical activity is low and, in addition, they show disorders in their diet. When analyzing the emotional state of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, various risks were identified to cope with the complex nature of this disease.