Oral pathologies observed in panoramic radiographs in patients who attend the comprehensive adult clinic of the UNERG dentistry area

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, every patient who needs dental treatment for some reason has to undergo a series of complementary examinations, where one of them and the most important to develop a correct definitive diagnosis is the panoramic x-ray. The study of panoramic x-rays is very useful for dentists since it allows them to make a diagnosis and correctly assess the treatment that the patient needs to solve their dental problem. Objective: to describe the oral pathologies observed in panoramic radiographs in patients who attend the comprehensive adult clinic of the UNERG dentistry area, and the Odontoimagen orofacial radiography center in San Juan de los Morros Guárico, in the first half of 2023. Materials and methods: it was approached through the quantitative paradigm, with a type of field and descriptive research, where the design was non-experimental, descriptive transectional and with a population of 1100 patients and a sample of 275 patients, the technique used was observation and the instruments used were: panoramic X-ray and the Observation Guide. Results: it was found that the predominant sex was female, obtaining 74%, while the male sex obtained a percentage of 26%. The most frequent pathology was Caries, being 40% for women and 76% for men, in addition, the pathology that obtained the second percentage is Horizontal bone defect, being 33% for women and 58% for men. while the less frequent pathologies were Taurodontism in 1% in males and Ameloblastoma in 1% in females, then the pathologies Third upper horizontal molar showed 1% for both sexes, while the mandibular cavity bone defect was only observed in two patients obtaining 3%, for its part, the Sinus Septus pathology was evident in a female patient with 1%. Conclusion: There are various types of exploration in the oral cavity, therefore, it is important to make a diagnosis since these lesions can compromise growth and, above all, oral development, in addition to altering the dentition and the function of each of them; These can become a health problem for patients.