Family participation in the prevention of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: intensive care hospital general milagro, 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a relevant disease due to the increase in its prevalence in people over 50 years of age. Objective: To determine family participation in the prevention of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Intensive Care Unit - Hospital General IESS Milagro, January to June 2019. Methodology: had a quantitative, descriptive-deductive, non-experimental approach. cross section. A form with 13 questions that responds to the objectives of the study was designed. From the universe of 210 hospitalized patients, a sample made up of 68 patients with their respective relatives was taken, selected by non-probabilistic sampling, of which 64.7% belong to the male gender, with the most affected ages being those from 61 to 80 years of age, who live in rural areas (33.82%). Results: they showed that the ignorance of family members about the disease and its complications is one of the most relevant factors, with 85.29%; the evolution time of the disease is from six to eight years (52.94%); participation in medication administration is mainly provided by their spouse (38.24%); the employment situation is the main limitation in patient care (55.88%), with the level of moderate-severe dependency being the main problem (44.12%); non-compliance with medical instructions represented by 54.41%, presenting hyperglycemia (44.12%), and nephropathy (65.45%), hypertension (43.75%) as the most relevant complications; the mortality rate is 27.94%. Conclusion: It was found that family participation significantly influences the care of these patients, since it allows preventing complications from type 2 diabetes, as part of public health strategies to deal with chronic non-communicable diseases.