Instruments validation to measure the risk factors that affect pressure ulcers in ICU patients

Abstract

Introduction: Pressure ulcers (UPP) are lesions of ischemic origin located in the skin and/or underlying tissues and caused by the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as pressure, friction and shearing. Objective: To validate the MC and CM instruments that will measure the risk factors that increase the rate of pressure ulcers in bedridden patients in the intensive care unit. Materials and methods: The research method is quantitative, based on cross-sectional, cross-sectional, mixed-correlational research. The aforementioned instrument to be evaluated is a test duly certified by experts in the health area and specialists. Information was collected on the risk factor, knowledge, assessment and employment relationship provided by nursing staff. An online interview was conducted. The data were analyzed in the SPPS Statistics 22 program. Results: A pilot plan was carried out, applied to 18 nurses, including graduates and assistants. Of which 50% were male and the other 50% female. The most repetitive age group was 30 to 40 years with 58.8%. The descriptive analysis was carried out according to the indicators established in the instruments that will measure objectives and categories to apply. In the qualification of judges, a reliability score of 93.6 is obtained. In Cronbach's alpha, a score of 0.82 is obtained, giving it reliability. Conclusions: The pilot plan guides to indicate the relevance of the CM questionnaire and it is invited to continue research on it. For its part, the MC instrument is to measure the perception of the personnel and in this way contemplate the reality of the intervened personnel. The use of these risk assessment instruments can facilitate the diagnosis and early care of pressure ulcers.